Great Wall
Protect the earth - Graphite recycling
We live in this planet, as a graphite producer, Beijing Great Wall should do something.
A high-quality flake graphite product that closely resembles natural flake graphite can be made from steelmaking kish. Kish is a large-volume near-molten waste skimmed from the molten iron feed to a basic oxygen furnace, and consists of a mix of graphite (precipitated out of the supersaturated iron), lime-rich slag, and some iron. The iron is recycled on site, leaving a mixture of graphite and slag. The best recovery process uses hydraulic classification (which utilizes a flow of water to separate minerals by specific gravity: graphite is light and settles nearly last) to get a 70% graphite rough concentrate. Leaching this concentrate with hydrochloric acid gives a 95% graphite product with a flake size ranging from 10 mesh down.
The most common way of recycling graphite occurs when synthetic graphite electrodes are either manufactured and pieces are cut off or lathe turnings are discarded, or the electrode (or other) are used all the way down to the electrode holder. A new electrode replaces the old one, but a sizeable piece of the old electrode remains. This is crushed and sized, and the resulting graphite powder is mostly used to raise the carbon content of molten steel. Graphite-containing refractories are sometimes also recycled, but often not because of their graphite: the largest-volume items, such as carbon-magnesite bricks that contain only 15–25% graphite, usually contain too little graphite. However, some recycled carbon-magnesite brick is used as the basis for furnace-repair materials, and also crushed carbon-magnesite brick is used in slag conditioners. While crucibles have a high graphite content, the volume of crucibles used and then recycled is very small.
The use of graphite rod
Graphite rod were used as working electrodes to study the electrochemistry performance with the circulation voltammetry method.Graphite rod effects of the scanning velocity and times were investigated to examine the electrode's tolerance of voltage and electric current and the electric discharge performance. The experiment proves that the 5#D graphite rod electrode still shows good electrochemical properties.In order to inspect the cyclic properties,the 5#D graphite rod electrode was tested with the circulation voltammetry method.After 100 times of scanning,the current conservation rate of the 5#D graphite electrode was still as high as 95%.The experiment results show that the 5#D graphite rod electrode has a relatively better electrochemistry performance which is suitable for the VO2+/VO2+electrode's positive electrode material. A sheaf of the films was heat treated in an argon atmosphere at temperatures up to 1000°C (carbonization) and then heated for graphitization up to 3000°C under a pressure between 100 and 300 kg/cm2. Graphite blocks as large as 150 × 50 × 13 mm3 were prepared, and the mosaic spread (the degree of preferred orientation) attained was 0.4°.
High-quality and highly oriented graphite was produced in the form of graphite block having physical properties close to those of single-crystal graphite felt. It was prepared from polyimide films of 25 μm thick with high molecular orientation.
The use of Flexible graphite sheet and graphite gasket
Graphite reinforced gasket can also cut into the shape of complex gaskets such as water gauge pads, punching flange gasket and automotive diesel engine cylinder gasket. High strength gasket is pure cut gasket improvements inner coated metal foil, namely to maintain the excellent performance of the original gasket, and easy installation, removal, not damaged, but also to prevent the erosion of the gasket medium improve the pressure, and has good corrosion resistance, high / low temperature, good compression resilient and high strength gasket forms: ordinary type, stainless steel edging type. Material and Structure: Flexible graphite sheet material and the metal plate moved sprint composite molding. Temperature: -200 ° C ~ 600 ° C operating pressure: 20MPa main purposes: for a variety of media machines, static seal pumps, pipes, valves, flanges and other equipment.
Variety: flexible graphite sheet, flexible graphite sheet, flexible graphite strip.
Performance: high temperature, low temperature, corrosion resistance to various media, self-lubricating performance, low coefficient of friction, unique flexibility and resilience.
1.For rubber, plastic filler to improve wear resistance and compressive properties of plastic or wood made of conductive
2.Anti-static, anti-corrosion coating
3.Flexible and conformable nature
4.Chemical resistant, compatible with most corrosive chemicals
5.Heat and flame resistant
6.Thermal conductive, electrical conductive
7.Low creep relaxation and no aging
Usage: graphite easy to damp, with the completion of the Energizer sealed to prevent contamination of the powder station junction or.
Flexible graphite sheet and graphite gasket
Flexible graphite sheet is wildly used in all kinds of industry field. Flexible graphite roll uses: composite panels, cylinder head gaskets, packing, and so made manufacturing gaskets, sealing elements such as static gauge, mold, flange gasket. Attached to a variety of metal surfaces, improving sealing performance. Flexible graphite sheet / plate, after high purity natural flake graphite by chemical and heat treatment, made of molded rolling, without any binder. In the harsh working conditions still has excellent sealing performance, long life, low maintenance costs.
Character and Appearance: black with metallic luster, high dispersion, never bonded graphite powder. Touch greasy feel can heat and good thermal stability, rich conductivity, thermal conductivity, chemical stability, acid and alkali plasticity and organic solvents, corrosion, and has outstanding lubricity.
Main purpose:
1: Powder metallurgy and metal alloy materials of carbon
2: Seal Manufacturing (high temperature, high pressure washer machine and even oil)
3: Base material for high temperature lubrication, corrosion-resistant lubricating base
Flake graphite - graphite foil and graphite gasket
Flake graphite, is wildly used in all kinds of industry field. Flake graphite molecular weight (C) 12.011, friction coefficient 0.08-0.20, Mohs hardness of 1.0 to 1.15, the proportion of 1.9 to 2.2 layered hexagonal crystal structure, inter-molecular bonds linking the network layer, melting point up to 4375 ℃, in 454 ℃ began oxide: at normal temperature, graphite is very small and lively.
Flake graphite can be produced to graphite foil, graphite foil can be produced to graphite packing rings, graphite strip, gaskets, composite plates, cylinder pad, paste in a variety of metal surfaces. Widely used in electric power, petroleum, chemicals, instruments, machinery and other industries machines, pipes, pumps, valves and static seal dynamic seal, is the ideal alternative to rubber, fluorine plastic, asbestos and other traditional seal of new sealing material
Graphite gasket (also known as high-strength pads) can be processed in accordance with the need to use the following forms: 1.2 Basic graphite gaskets. Edge graphite gaskets 3 package.4 pack outside graphite gaskets. Inner and outer edge of graphite gaskets. Hemming form graphite gaskets that maintain the excellent performance of the original gasket, and easy installation and removal, easy to damage, but also to prevent the erosion of the gasket medium to improve the pressure. Edging material used for 304 or 316 stainless steel. Inner reinforcing materials commonly used in ss304, ss316 or tinplate, thickness 0.1 ~ 0.127mm, in the form of enhanced sprint board, network board increase, flat enhancement.304 reinforced graphite commonly used materials, can be made into a variety of circular geometry gasket is widely used in pipes, valves, pumps, pressure vessels, heat exchangers, condensers, generator, air compressor, an exhaust pipe , refrigerator and so on.
Basic requirements of impregnated graphite products
Industrial production, the most widely used carbon graphite material impregnant, asphalt, resin, synthetic resin, metal and metal alloys, organic lubricant, and halogen lubricant.
How to choose impregnation agent should obey some basic requirements. Select impregnating agent is an extremely important task, dipping agent determines the performance of products: chemical stability, thermal stability resistance, mechanical strength and so on.
For dipping should have the following basic requirements:
1. There are approximately graphite high chemical stability;
2. With easy-flowing pieces immersed porous graphite;
3. Can maximize the mechanical strength of graphite.
4. Good adsorption after graphite and graphite good dip impervious;
When the Baptist phenolic resin, using the following system: will be filled with resin and mounted dip products into the dipping tank immersion tank, dipping tank temperature vacuum degree (9.9 ~ 10) x 104 Pa, keep 30-35 minutes, after which, In the dipping tank pressurized to 0.4 to 0.5 MPa gauge pressure, and then held for 30 to 35 minutes. Products rapidly removed after dipping 5% alkali solution treatment, then washed. The need for such a treatment is to clear the surface of the resin products. After the water will wash products, placed in dry air for several hours, the amount of graphite inhalation resin, depending on the porosity of varying sizes, about products, about 10% by weight to 20% per surface to a depth of 15-20 mm impregnated .
To prevent the article due to the temperature rise in the use of leaving the possible outflow of the resin, the resin should be converted to the irreversible solid state. Even cured at high temperature and add the appropriate catalyst. The duration of this process takes roughly 10 hours, eight hours before the internal gauge pressure of 0.4-0.5 MPa and a temperature of heat treatment is performed at 50-SOT conditions, 1.0 ^ / h speed gradually warming; After two hours at atmospheric pressure heat treatment is performed under 1401 - 130.
When using other resins, process parameters can be changed.
The advantages of high-purity graphite rods in the electronics industry
High-purity graphite rods and high density graphite products are praised for their thermal stability, electric and thermal conductivity, thermal expansion, flexural strength, tensile strength and high resistance capacity. High density graphite can replace the normal graphite in many cases including refractory, nuclear reactor and battery. This is a highly potential segment of research where there are numerous possibilities for future application. Aerospace reentry vehicle, missile and modern aircrafts can utilize the strength and other properties of VHD through suitable design and application.
High-purity graphite rods is also widely used as electrode material in electrical discharge machining (EDM), and compared to copper, graphite allows a significant reduction in production costs while providing equal or even better product quality.
High purity graphite rods are anisotropic materials, made after the gate, the axial thermal conductivity is high, help to reduce the temperature of the gate, while a small coefficient of thermal expansion of graphite, high temperature deformation is not easy, is not prone to frequent molybdenum gate thermal short-circuit damage, can reduce inter-electrode distance, increase the operating frequency, the tube can be made more precise electrode size, in order to improve the reliability and longevity of the tube.
Beijing Greatwall Co.,Ltd offers a wide range of product grades for electronics throughout the total processing chain of manufacturing molding and forging tools. Their capacities extend from high roughing rates to ultra fine finishing.
High purity graphite rods for the gate, has the following advantages:
1) Withstand high power
Molybdenum gate can withstand 7 ~ 14W / cm2 of power, and high-purity graphite rods can withstand 60W / Cm2 of power, such a great help to reduce the power dissipation of the tube volume, reduce weight and increase power.
2) Secondary electron emission coefficient low
Pyrolytic graphite electron emission coefficient is low, and therefore do not need to spray the surface of precious metal.
3) Good thermal properties.
4) High temperature mechanical properties
Graphite strength increase with increasing temperature, which can improve the high temperature stability of the gate and prolong life.
The advantage of graphite for EDM electrodes
Graphite used for EDM machining is an isotropic material with a grain size ranging from a few microns to about 20 microns. In the 1970's, improvements made by graphite manufacturers (isotropic properties, consistent quality, large size billets) combined with the emergence of EDM machines equipped with iso-plus generators, allowed graphite to become the most commonly used material for EDM machining electrodes.Graphite has many advantages that have made it the material most widely used for EDM electrodes.
Graphite is made up of carbon particles that are put through a graphitizing process to produce graphite. The smaller the particle size is, the better the graphite. Graphite can be purchased in big blocks, and then cut up to be machined; or it can be ordered precut or ground into the size you require.
As a leading Chinese graphite manufacturer and supplier, we specialize in providing high quality graphite material, carbon carbon composites and graphite parts. Graphite machines very easily - you can mill it, grind it, turn it, drill it, tap it, even file it to whatever shape you want.You can put it on a duplicating machine or a graphite high-speed mill and cut out complex shapes and forms, and once it's cut you are finished - with no deburring.
Additional advantage of graphite for EDM electrodes:
It has a low coefficient of thermal expansion which assures stability of electrode geometry during electro discharge machining. Sold by grades, graphite cuts approximately three times faster than copper.
It is available in large blocks.
It does not melt, but goes directly from the solid state to the gaseous at 3,400°C, which reduces wear.
Its density is 5 times lower than that of copper, which effects in lighter electrodes.
It leaves a higher metal removal rate than copper with less wear.
It has the unique feature that the wear ratio tends to decrease as the peak current increases.
Advantages of graphite crucible and the matters needing attention
The performance of the graphite crucible with excellent wear resistance, thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity, and so on. Use the graphite crucible, not only can improve the service life, reduce the current consumption, but also can save energy and reduce the system load. At the same time, the graphite crucible for energy saving, environmental protection also play a very important role. Based on the above advantages, graphite crucible factory in tianjin is also our very reliable manufacturer.
Graphite crucible is made from natural high quality graphite refined but become, have good thermal conductivity and high temperature resistance, high temperature environment used in the thermal expansion is not only the number is small, but also has thermal shock resistance strain performance, acid and alkali resistant with excellent chemical stability. Multiple variety and complete specifications, used in metallurgy, machinery, chemical industry, casting and other industrial sectors, the steel smelting and smelting non-ferrous metal and alloy also has been the most widely used.
When we use graphite crucible is also necessary to pay attention to matters, graphite crucible need to guard against damp, care must be taken in a dry place or the gallows, when handling light to take light put, it is forbidden to shock. Before use must be in the hot oven drying equipment or stove, let the temperature gradually rises to 500 ℃, avoid the furnace cover wear and tear of the following should be on the front plane of crucible crucible. Graphite crucible when feeding should be according to the crucible solvent quantity, not charging too much, too tight to avoid expansion of crucible. Tools and crucible clip out to conform to the crucible shapes, clip the department to avoid local stress damage the crucible. Both inside and outside the removal of crucible wall gently slag and stick cokes to avoid damage to the crucible. Should keep a proper distance between the furnace wall crucible, crucible should be placed on the center of the furnace. In the use of excessive accelerant, additives will reduce the service life of crucible. Finally, in use process by rotating the crucible every week, can prolong the service life of crucible.
The use of graphite and refractory
1, For the refractory material: graphite article having properties of high temperature and high strength, the metallurgical industry mainly used to manufacture a graphite crucible, commonly used in the steel ingot of graphite as a protective agent, a metallurgical furnace lining.
2, As the conductive material: the electrode, the cathode brushes, carbon rod, carbon tubes, mercury positive converter, graphite gaskets, phone parts, television picture tube coatings used for manufacturing in the electrical industry.
3, For wear and lubrication materials: graphite as a lubricant in the machinery industry often. Lubricants are often not on the premise of high speed, high temperature, high pressure use, and the wear-resistant material may be graphite (a) 200 ~ 2000 ℃ temperature at high sliding speeds, no lubricating oil work. Many aggressive media delivery device, widely used graphite materials piston cups, seals and bearings, do not need adding oil when they run. Graphite is a lot of good milk metalworking lubricants (Roberts, trombone) is used.
4, Graphite has good chemical chaos. Through special processing of graphite with corrosion resistance, good thermal conductivity, low bleed characteristics penetration, it is used extensively for the production of heat exchangers, reaction tank, condenser, burning towers, absorption, coolers, heaters, filter, pump equipment. Widely used in petrochemical, hydrometallurgy, acid production, synthetic fibers, paper and other industrial sectors, can save a lot of metal materials.
5, For forging, foundry, die and pyrometallurgical Materials: graphite because of thermal expansion coefficient, and thermal shock resistant to change, as the glass molds, the use of graphite black metal castings get accurate dimensions, smooth surface finished rate, without processing or minor processing can be used, thus saving a lot of metal. Produced carbide powder metallurgy process, usually graphite material die and sintering of porcelain boat. Monocrystalline silicon crystal growth crucible, regional refining vessel, stand fixtures, induction heaters, etc. are processed using high-purity graphite. Also can be made of graphite graphite vacuum insulation panels and smelting base, high-temperature resistance furnace tubes, rods, plates, sheds and other cell components.
6,For the atomic energy industry and defense industry: Graphite has good neutron moderator for atomic reactors, uranium-graphite reactors are currently used more of a nuclear reactor. As used in nuclear reactor power reduction material should have a high melting point, is not chaos, performance erosion resistant, graphite can meet these requirements. As a nuclear reactor with high purity graphite, impurity content should not exceed dozens of PPM. Particularly wherein the boron content should be less than 0.5PPM. In the defense industry, but also with graphite parts manufacturing solid fuel rocket nozzle, missile nose cones, Astronauts equipment, insulation and anti-radiation materials.
7, Graphite can prevent boiler scale, the unit tests showed the water by adding a certain amount of graphite powder (with a ton of water, about 4 to 5 grams) to prevent fouling of the boiler surfaces. Also graphite coated on metal chimneys, roofs, bridges, pipelines can corrosion and rust.
8, Can be used for graphite pencil, paint, polish. After the graphite through a special process that can produce a variety of special materials for the relevant industrial sectors.
In addition, graphite is still light industry, glass and paper polishing agents and rust inhibitors, is to create a pencil, ink, black ink and synthetic diamond, diamond indispensable raw materials. It is a good energy-saving materials, the United States has used it as a car battery. Followed by the development of modern science and technology and industry applications of graphite is constantly expanding, and has become an important raw material in the field of new high-tech composite materials, has an important role in the national economy.