Graphite is broken after the inspection of non qualified waste and graphite products produced during the cutting debris.

　　Graphite (graphite scrap) is referred to as broken scrap and graphite products produced in the graphitization of carbon products after cutting in the processing of broken materials.

　　Main uses of graphite

　　Graphite broken due to its low ash, conductive and thermal performance is good, so there is a wide range of uses, can be added to a variety of formulations of the small ash or ash products, graphite broken into small particles generally used. A certain amount of added ingredients in crushed graphite helps improve mixing plastic paste kneading, especially in extrusion molding can reduce the friction resistance of the paste extrusion mouth, is conducive to improve the yield pressure. Pieces of graphite adsorption properties of coal tar pitch is good, added to the carbon block can decrease the "short" (i.e., waste products in the upper honeycomb structure produced after calcination) effect, and can improve the thermal conductivity of carbon block and anti alkali corrosion ability. A certain number of graphite fragments are added in the formula to improve the conductivity and thermal conductivity of the electrode paste and to speed up the sintering speed of the electrode paste. Graphite broken ground into small particles or fine powder or production of graphite chemical equipment (such as graphite resin tube) raw material, graphite scrap can be used as carburetant electric furnace steelmaking. [1]

　　Graphite classification

　　1, life is not broken, green qualified by the quality inspection of the paste after molding.

　　2, the roasting is broken, cutting debris after roasting green unqualified after inspection and baking products processing waste recycling.

　　3, graphite broken, is the graphite after the inspection of substandard waste and graphite products in the processing of cutting debris generated.

　　The flexible graphite packing is made of pure graphite, which is made by the special chemical and physical treatment. In addition to maintaining the excellent properties of the natural scale graphite, it is more important to have flexibility, resilience, corrosion resistance, high pressure resistance, radiation resistance, thermal conductivity and other excellent characteristics. The material consists of low sulfur expandable graphite yarn woven, cotton yarn reinforced lining. Has a very low coefficient of friction, will not wear the pump shaft and stem, and has a good thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance and high resilience.

　　Flexible graphite packing purpose and performance

　　Flexible graphite packing is made of flexible graphite composite sheet processing woven. Mainly used for the static and dynamic seal of valve, pump and pipe connection. The product has wide applicability, high temperature resistance, strong acid, strong alkali, long service life, self lubrication, friction coefficient and other characteristics, especially suitable for harsh media conditions.

　　Use medium: water, steam, water, solvent, acid and alkali and various types of oil.

　　Flexible graphite packing application

　　Widely used in hot water, steam, oil, high temperature, high pressure and other adverse conditions of the hydrogenation unit.

　　Flexible graphite gasket is from pure graphite plate drilling or cutting and it has good corrosion resistance, high / low temperature, compression elasticity and high strength good, complex geometric gasket circular is widely used in all kinds of pipes, valves, pumps, pressure vessels, heat exchanger, and condenser generator, air compressor, exhaust pipe, refrigerator etc..

　　Overview of flexible graphite gaskets

　　Flexible graphite gasket is from pure graphite plate drilling or cutting and it has good corrosion resistance, high / low temperature, compression elasticity and high strength good, complex geometric gasket circular is widely used in all kinds of pipes, valves, pumps, pressure vessels, heat exchanger, and condenser generator, air compressor, exhaust pipe, refrigerator etc..

　　Characteristics of flexible graphite gasket

　　Flexible graphite, also known as expanded graphite, is used as raw material in the process of chemical treatment. Under the high temperature of 800-1000, the compound layer turns into gas, which causes the scale graphite to expand about two hundred times, and it becomes the heat conduction of cotton, and overcomes the disadvantages of brittleness. Loose and porous, elastic. In the high temperature, high pressure or radiation conditions, the work does not occur decomposition, deformation or aging, chemical stability. The birth of flexible graphite, the traditional chemical seal area declared the end of time. Compared with asbestos gasket, flexible graphite has the following obvious advantages:

　　1- no radiation, no pollution. Flexible graphite does not contain harmful ingredients to the human body, and asbestos products with radiation hazards, and will pollute the environment.

　　2, resistant to high temperature. Flexible graphite composite gasket can enhance high temperature of 1650 DEG C, even if the chemical equipment melted, it is still safe and sound. And asbestos products at 500 degrees inside the crystallization of the water will be broken down, so that their own powder, loss of efficacy.

　　3, a wide range of application. Flexible graphite in addition to strong oxidizing acids, ability and most of the chemical medium, including for radioactive chemical medium, and asbestos product adaptability is poor, can not be used for radioactive medium. Some chemical tower, heat exchanger and so on, the requirements of the connection parts are not insulated, flexible graphite can do, the stone products can not be.

　　4, the use of simple and quick. Half coefficient of flexible graphite gasket asbestos products only, that is, to achieve the same sealing effect, tighten the screws strength can be much smaller. Flexible graphite in addition to the above obvious characteristics, but also has excellent sealing performance, compression, and characteristics of good elasticity, oxidation resistance, self lubrication and strong plasticity, and has good electrical conductivity, density ratio, etc., can produce all kinds of adjustment of diesel engine and compressor etc. all kinds of pipeline the flange gasket, etc..

　　The activity of graphite felt electrode can be improved by electrochemical treatment, the increase of the electrode activity is attributed to the increase in the number of functional groups on the surface of carbon fiber and the increase of the specific surface area of the COOH.

　　The small capacity of the battery has been successfully applied in human life, further research and development of new environmentally friendly battery suitable for large-scale energy storage, development and utilization of new energy sources, will have great social and economic significance. All vanadium redox flow battery can be regarded as the representative of the new energy storage battery, compared with other batteries it has a unique advantage.

　　At present, the vanadium battery has been abroad applied to wind power plant, power station power peaking and solar photovoltaic demonstration operation. But the development of vanadium battery is still limited, the electrode material is a very important factor.

　　The electrode material is mainly divided into metal electrode and carbon electrode, wherein the carbon electrode with good stability reflects the greater advantage, and the carbon electrode, graphite felt materials with its advantages of real surface area is much larger than the geometric surface area and occupies the dominant position.

　　Using concentrated sulfuric acid liquid phase oxidation and air oxidation method to activate the graphite felt, it was found that the electrochemical performance of the graphite felt can be greatly improved,although the process is simple, the process is simple, the operation is small, and the oxidation reaction is not easy to control.

　　The surface treatment of graphite felt by electrochemical oxidation, electrochemical performance of vanadium battery in the graphite felt electrode before and after treatment were investigated, which were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, BET and XPS, and improve the activity of the preliminary analysis,

　　The graphite crucible has the advantages of large bulk density, high temperature resistance, fast heat transfer,resistance to acid and alkali erosion ,high temperature strength and high oxidation resistance, so the graphite crucible is often used to prevent corrosion. Although the graphite crucible with acid alkali resistant ability, but for individual raw materials refining,the cleaning of the crucible after using is very troublesome.

　　The first cleaning work of the graphite crucible is cleaning the chemical substance out from the crucible and then we continue to clean, we decide which kind of material will be used to clean the graphite crucible according to the material what’s the residual material in the crucible, generally,the attachment on the graphite crucible is the residue after inorganic firing,most of them can be dissolved ,we can use hydrochloric acid to clean it up,some graphite crucibles contains carbon residue, it is not dissolved using hydrochloric acid , we can use nitric acid clean it because the nitrate has strong oxidation, we can heat the graphite crucibles properly when we clean it .

　　For those materials which need to be cleaned up in the graphite crucible , we can boil then in dilute hydrochloric acid or nitric acid, but we need pay attention to the hydrochloride , it may not contain nitrate, nitrate and halogen oxidant. We use potassium metabisulfite, sodium carbonate or borax molten cleaning If it still can’t be washed by the dilute nitric acid.

　　The graphite crucible need to keep clean, and it should be bright,the crucible may look dull after long after burning,it will goes into the inner of the graphite crucible result its rupture, and therefore we must clear the dirty materials. If there is still a stain or surface hair black, we soak the 100 mesh fine sand which has no sharp edges and corners by the water to rub the graphite crucible gently so that the surface to restore luster.

　　Graphite material has the characteristics of light weight, high temperature resistance and ablation resistance. It is the preferred material for the solid rocket motor (SRM) of small rocket, graphite nozzle. As early as 1947, the United States launched solid rocketsonde successfully using graphite throat liner, after gradually developed with ATJ as the representative of the first generation of high strength graphite throat liner material with high density and high strength graphite, G90 as the representative of the second generation of throat liner materials 1 - 2, with Graphnol of isotropic graphite as the representative of the third generation of throat liner material 3. At the beginning of 1960s, the research and development of SRM throat liner material with graphite and refractory metals was proposed. By the Chinese Academy of Sciences. T705 is now popular.

　　A, Jilin carbon factory, Xi'an Aerospace Composite Materials Institute developed the first generation of silicon zed KS8 high strength graphite throat liner. KS8 C17 8 graphite is imitation of the former Soviet Union, and in Jilin carbon factory batch production, to solve the problem for crack development process of silicon zed layer thickness and the heat generated by the. With four of the space science and technology based on SRM by steering model development and lay a solid foundation of throat liner material, has been successfully applied to the first artificial earth satellite in China -- the final SRM dong-fang-hong I on.

　　For the development of solid propellant can adapt to the demand, improve the ablation performance, resistance of graphite throat liner in mid 1960s by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanxi Institute of coal chemistry, Harbin Institute of electrical carbon, Xi'an aerospace composite materials developed the second generation of high density and high strength graphite T704. At the beginning of 80s, the T705 graphite was developed by Harbin electric carbon and Xi'an aerospace composite materials, all of which were produced in Harbin electric carbon factory. The grain size in graphite by using ingredients, sulfur modified coal tar pitch binder, hot molding process and constraint roasting technology innovation, greatly improve the graphite material yield and erosion resistance, has been successfully applied to a variety of small tactical missile SRM throat in 4 - 6. The Jinji group by Ordnance Group Corporation Harbin electric carbon factory developed cold molded T707 and T715 graphite, Xingtai electric carbon factory developed cold molded T711 graphite, as a small rocket SRM throat materials, also belongs to the second generation of throat liner material. Chengdu carbon limited development of isostatic pressing isotropic

　　CDK20 graphite, as the third generation of the small rocket SRM throat lining material, is working with the aerospace technology group, the seven Institute of applied research.

　　The electrode material is mainly divided into metal electrode and carbon electrode, wherein the carbon electrode with good stability reflects the greater advantage, and the carbon electrode, graphite felt materials with its advantages of real surface area is much larger than the geometric surface area and occupies the dominant position. The graphite felt were activated by concentrated sulfuric acid by liquid phase oxidation and air oxidation method, that can greatly improve the electrochemical performance of vanadium battery.

　　The thermal oxidation method has simple process, low consumption, but the operation elasticity is small, not easy to control. The oxidation reaction reagent with concentrated sulfuric acid oxidation method is very dangerous, industrialized production difficult. And the electrochemical oxidation method, the oxidation reaction of moderate, easy to control, treatment effect, and is easy to realize industrialized operation.

　　The small capacity of the battery has been successfully applied in human life, further research and development of new environmentally friendly battery suitable for large-scale energy storage, development and utilization of new energy sources, will have great social and economic significance. All vanadium redox flow battery can be regarded as the representative of the new energy storage battery, compared with other batteries and it has a unique advantage, and has been the attention of scientists at home and abroad, at present, the vanadium battery has been abroad applied to wind power plant, power station power peaking and solar photovoltaic demonstration operation. But the development of vanadium battery is still limited, the electrode material is a very important factor.

　　V4+/V5+ of electrochemical activity on the improved redox peak intensity was significantly enhanced and the peak potential is much closer, indicating reversibility has been significantly improved. Without graphite felt surface treatment of materials directly for vanadium battery electrode, because the surface hydrophobicity caused by polarization was so severe that it is difficult to have the charge and discharge platform stability.

　　In the aluminum and aluminum alloy casting process, the degassing method consists of two ways , they are intermittent degassing and continuous on-line degassing, but either way, the degassing rotor are essential components of equipment to passing into the gas and rotating stirring. Graphite material is the preferred material for the production of the rotor because it has the high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, high strength, and the material properties which does not infiltrate into the aluminum melt in the production, the graphite rotor is the rotor which is made from the graphite material.

　　The graphite rotor produced by our company has the following advantages:

　　The high quality raw materials: our graphite rotor use the special graphite raw materials which is high strength, high hardness, resistance to oxidation, low porosity, wear resistance, erosion resistance.

　　The processing fine:we process the graphite rotor accordance with customer’s drawings strictly , the parts can fit with each other closely after the installation and it has high degree of concentric, it effective to avoid mechanical stress damage.

　　The impregnating antioxidant: our graphite rotor adopt proprietary technology and nano antioxidant antioxidant to do the treatment on the final product so that the internal microporous of graphite materials are filled by the antioxidant and the surface is also covered by the antioxidant , it improve the high temperature resistant , oxidation resistance and erosion resistance performance of graphite rotor effectively, it extend its service life greatly .

　　The coating antioxidant: the surface (except the threaded part) of the graphite rotor which has done the impregnation anti-oxidation treatment was treated by coating using the proprietary coating materials , the coating materials don’t infiltrate the aluminum melt, but it can be firmly combined with the graphite materials , and it can be high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, wear resistance and erosion resistance, the service life of the rotor will be further extended after coating treatment.

　　The local enhancement: we do the local enhancement processing to the most easily consumed part of the graphite rotor according to the characteristics of the customer's application , we use the minimum cost to achieve the longest service life. The service life our graphite rotor can reach about three times to the same product.

　　Vacuum aluminizing film is a production process which we make aluminum metal evaporating and then plate it on the surface of the film base material to form a composite film under the vacuum condition. BOPET, BONY, BOPP, PE, PVC and other plastic film adopt direct aluminizing process, the aluminizing for paper and leather will choose evaporation - transfer process.

　　The graphite crucible is the essential consumable parts in vacuum aluminizing film production, the quality of graphite crucible will affect the product quality and the production cost of aluminizing film directly. The vacuum aluminizing has stringent requirements to the graphite crucible.

　　The appropriative vacuum aluminizing graphite crucible produced by our company has the following advantages:

　　Our graphite crucible produced by the graphite raw materials which made through special technology , its bulk density is high , the porosity is low, and it can farthest resist the corrosion resistance of molten aluminum and aluminum particles.

　　Our graphite raw materials has high purity and low ash content, it doesn’t produce harmful volatile substances in the vacuum aluminizing production, it can avoid the formation of pits, voids and pinholes in aluminizing film and guarantee the quality of the aluminizing film fully.

　　After the special processing, our graphite crucible get trong antioxidant properties,low consumption and long service life.

　　All of our graphite crucible will be polished treatment after processing to ensure precise size and smooth surface .

　　Our appropriative vacuum aluminizing graphite crucible can be used continuously for 24-52 hours or do the coating film production 22-48 times.

　Carbon carbon composite material has the similar properties as the graphite material,such as low density,high-thermal resistance,ablation resistance,high strength,good thermal shock resistance and easy designed etc. meanwhile it also has some other properties which graphite material doesn’t have,such as brittleness of polycrystalline graphite,and the easy layering property of the pyrolytic graphite. Now the carbon carbon composite material is the most appropriate material used for the throat,nozzle of the rocket engine.

　　The carbon carbon composite material consists of two parts: carbon fiber perform and the carbon matrix. The structure of material decides the property of it. To the C/C composite material,as for the anisotropy,the structure and the performance of the material is very complex.

　　The property of carbon carbon composite material is decided from the property of carbon fiber,carbon matrix,and the interfacial properties of the fiber and carbon matrix. The carbon fiber is the base of the carbon carbon composite perform. The thermal property,strength property and the physical property can be designed and controled according to the different structure parameter,the parameters mainly include:the direction of the carbon fiber,the content of the carbon fiber,the space of the arrangement,the density of the carbon matrix,the type of the carbon fiber etc. With the dimension of carbon fiber structure increasing,the anisotropic of C/C material will decrease,and the strength of the material will increase,and the ablation performance of different direction will be more and more symmetry. However,with the dimension of the fiber increasing,the cost of the perform will be much more expensive,and it will be harder to densify.

　　The multi dimensional braided or acupuncture is to improve the Z axis or other non X-Y axis strength and thermal property of the carbon perform. But the cost of multi dimensional is too much ,and the hole in the embryo is bigger,it’s not easy to use CVI to meet a higher density. This kind of the perform is mostly used for the throat of the missile and rocket engine.