According to the carbon fiber material , carbon fiber cloth can be divided into: PAN based carbon fiber cloth, rayon based carbon fiber cloth and pitch based carbon fiber cloth, wherein PAN based carbon fiber cloth accounted for more than 90% of the market, so we talk about PAN based carbon fiber cloth mainly.

　　In accordance with the specifications of carbon fiber cloth, it can be divided into: 1K carbon fiber cloth, 3K carbon fiber cloth, 6K carbon fiber cloth, 12K carbon fiber cloth, 24K and above large tow carbon fiber cloth, the number of single carbon fiber tow, 1K=1000 (root), 3K=3000 (root), 6K=6000 (root), 12K=12000 (root).

　　Carbon fiber cloth according to the woven pattern, it can be divided into: plain weave, twill, satin, the former two are the most common.

　　The plain carbon fiber cloth, the characteristics of plain weave is the warp and the weft up and down according to the rule of interleaving. The plain fabric density can not be too high, relatively thin, good wear resistance, good air permeability, and it is opposite the same cloth uniform. The fiber bundle of the carbon fiber cloth has been in a state of ups and downs, the bending point of the fiber is more, and the elongation at break is higher in the process of drawing.

　　The twill carbon fiber cloth , the twill weave fabric has the diagonal lines with a certain angle with the fiber arrangement direction, the ridge orientation does not exist on the fiber bundle, but because fiber warp knitting, warp or weft fibers over two zonal or meridional fibers in knitting. This kind of diagonal appearance has a very strong sense of three-dimensional, it is used to make car modification products, such as panels, hood, exhaust tube, etc.

　　The satin carbon fiber cloth, the satin weave has separate, discrete by interlacing points (or weft intersection points) evenly distributed regularly in the organization in circulation, this form is called satin weave. This kind of weaving structure makes the fabric density higher, so the fiber cloth is more thick. This satin cloth surface is smooth, even, soft, shiny or slightly lower than the strength of grain, plain and twill.

　　In the Medium-grain structure graphite is the particle size in 2 a 0.8 mm of special graphite, with high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, low content of impurities, single large size, low manufacturing cost advantages. It is used for polycrystalline silicon ingot furnace, various graphite components of crystal thermal field. In the early stage, these parts are made of graphite imported from abroad, and even produced in foreign countries. The price is expensive, a small size single crystal furnace thermal field more than 400 thousand yuan. After several years of development, we designed a special medium breaking system, produce their own special vibration equipment, introduced the high pressure impregnation, tunnel type baking furnace and the internal string type graphite furnace is advanced. Developed a unique production process. My company's crude graphite (all.0 8 mm graphite) gradually reached the requirements of China's crystal silicon production, has been recognized by the majority of customers. At the same time, the product will be pushed to other areas, to the United States, Japan, Europe and other places. Due to the extensive use of domestic crude graphite, coupled with the application of domestic and other static pressure graphite, and now a large single crystal furnace thermal field is only 200 thousand yuan, and still continue to decline

　　In the continuous development of the photovoltaic industry, we are also in the continuous efforts, we will continue to improve the coarse graphite, to improve his performance, increase his size, expanding his capacity of coarse graphite better for crystalline silicon production services, services for the photovoltaic industry.

　　All vanadium redox flow battery (VRB battery, VRB) is a new type of green environmental protection battery, has the advantages of high efficiency, long service life, safe and reliable, can be used as a large energy storage device, the wind, hydro, solar and other unstable energy into electrical energy storage to be used as a backup power supply has a wide application prospect. The hydrophilic and electrochemical activity of PAN based (PAN) graphite felt is poor and the graphite felt needs to be modified to be better used in vanadium battery.

　　In order to improve the electrochemical activity of graphite felt, the two cerium oxide was modified on graphite felt by ethanol solution method and sol gel method. Modified graphite felt, in the battery testing of the highest coulomb efficiency can reach 95%, energy efficiency is also close to 90%. Surface deposition method on the surface of graphite felt with catalytic activity of metal, is another kind of modified graphite felt. Battery test results show that the coulomb efficiency can reach 90%.

　　Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) graphite felt is a great ratio of carbon fiber surface area, can provide a larger electrochemical reaction for the electrochemical reaction, while the graphite felt has strong oxidation and corrosion resistance, and in addition to the conductive properties of itself, because the graphite felt electrode can be compressed, as the battery assembly, the contact resistance and the bipolar plate is small, compared with the metal electrode, the cost is relatively low, is a kind of ideal electrode material. But to be used as electrode materials for vanadium battery, large scale application in the actual production, life, but also to solve the problem of poor Shi Mozhan hydrophilic and electrochemical activity.

　　Carbon / ceramic composites are composed of carbon fiber, ceramic fiber and its fabric as the reinforced phase, a class name of composite materials such as carbon, ceramic as the matrix phase. Compared with carbon / carbon composites, carbon / ceramic composites have better oxidation resistance. C/SiC ceramic matrix composites have the advantages of high temperature resistance, low density, high strength, high thermal conductivity, high wear resistance, high damping coefficient, high thermal radiation coefficient, performance can be designed strongly and so on.

　　The application fields of carbon / ceramic composites:

　　Aerospace thermal protection system, carbon ceramic composite material is one of the best candidate materials of making the ablation surface resistance thermal insulation board. In the field of aerospace, when the vehicle enters the atmosphere, due to the large amount of heat produced by friction, resulting in the aircraft suffered serious erosion, it needs an effective thermal protection system such as the space shuttle and missile nose cone, wing, wing and cover plate, etc...in order to reduce the erosion of the aircraft.

　　The high temperature connector, in a development project in Europe, advanced connection technology of thermal structure material has been developed very quickly, connecting with carbon ceramic composite material thermal structure, it can prevent the supersonic airflow interference, and also can seal under the high temperature, the simulation test results show that connections can be applied to the actual environment of high temperature, and can meet the necessary flight standards.

　　The carbon ceramic composite brake system, on the highway, it often occur large trucks, buses and cars collision because of the brake failure so that cause fatal accident and vehicle damage. Generally, except the human factors, the main reason is the brake overheating, especially heavy truck long distance downhill,the strength of brake pad material decline sharply under the high temperature, it will result in brake failure and lead to disaster. As a result, we drip the water to the wheel shaft constantly to cool the brake pad when the large trucks run long distances. The use of new carbon ceramic composite materials will be an effective means to solve this problem.

　　Classification of graphite tubes

　　1, according to the heating way: longitudinally heated graphite tube, transverse heating graphite tube

　　2, according to the performance: ordinary graphite tube (non thermal) for low temperature (less than or equal to 2000 DEG C) of atomic elements such as silver, cadmium and lead; pyrolytic graphite tubes for low, medium and high temperature (>2500 DEG C) atomic elements; suitable for middle and low temperature platform graphite tube (less than or equal to 2400 DEG C) atomization element.

　　The function of graphite tube

　　Atomic absorption spectrometry is according to the measured element in a gaseous atom has strong absorption effect and the establishment of the elements of the atomic resonance radiation. This method has the advantages of low detection limit, high accuracy, good selectivity, fast analysis and so on.

　　Absorption path in the temperature conditions, fixed sampling experiments, the samples generated by the measured elements of the atomic radiation by hollow cathode lamp as the light source of the sharp line elements produce monochromatic light absorption, the absorbance (A) and the concentration of the element in the sample (C) than Cheng Zheng. That is, A=KC type, K is constant. Accordingly, by measuring the absorbance of standard solution and the unknown solution, also known as the concentration of standard solution, standard curve to determine unknown liquid analyte concentration.

　　The method is applicable to the analysis of trace and trace elements in the samples.

　　Graphite heat exchanger is a heat exchanger made of graphite for heat transfer component. The graphite to be used in the manufacture of heat exchanger is not transparent, and is commonly used in impregnated graphite and graphite.

　　Graphite heat exchanger structure

　　Graphite heat exchanger can be divided into 3 types: the structure can be divided into block hole type, tube shell type and plate type. The block hole type is composed of a plurality of blocks with a plurality of holes. Shell: shell and tube heat exchanger in graphite heat exchanger occupies an important position, according to the structure is divided into fixed and floating head two. Plate: made of graphite bonding plate heat exchanger. In addition, there are immersion, spray type and sleeve type, etc. (see snake tube type heat exchanger, casing type heat exchanger). The graphite heat exchanger has good corrosion resistance, and the heat transfer surface is not easy to scale, and the heat transfer performance is good. But the graphite is easy to crack, bending and tensile strength is low, so it can only be used for low pressure, even if the best pressure bearing capacity of the structure, the working pressure is only 0.3 ~ 0.5 mpa. Graphite heat exchanger, high cost, large size, the use is not much. It is mainly used for heat transfer of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid and phosphoric acid and other corrosive medium, such as the condenser used for acetic acid and acetic anhydride.

　　According to the different materials, the graphite tube is divided into synthetic resin impregnation, water glass resin impregnation and asphalt impregnation.

　　Characteristics of graphite heat exchanger

　　The graphite heat exchanger has good corrosion resistance, and the heat transfer surface is not easy to scale, and the heat transfer performance is good. But the graphite is easy to crack, bending and tensile strength is low, so it can only be used for low pressure, even if the best pressure bearing capacity of the structure, the working pressure is only 0.3 ~ 0.5 mpa.

　　Graphite heat exchanger, high cost, large size, the use is not much. It is mainly used for heat transfer of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid and phosphoric acid and other corrosive medium, such as the condenser used for acetic acid and acetic anhydride. Mainly used in chlor alkali chemical industry, petrochemical industry, fluoride salt, titanium dioxide, zirconium, chloroacetic acid, chlorinated paraffin, silicon fluorine chemical industry production.

　　Classification of graphite heat exchangers

　　①The block hole type is composed of a plurality of block graphite elements with holes.

　　②The shell and tube type: shell and tube heat exchanger in graphite heat exchanger occupies an important position, according to the structure is divided into fixed and floating head two.

　　Shell and tube heat exchanger (shell and tube heat exchanger) is also called tubular heat exchanger. Is to close the bundle in the shell wall as heat transfer surface heat exchanger. The heat exchanger has the advantages of simple structure and reliable operation, and can be used for manufacturing various structural materials (mainly metal materials), and can be used under high temperature and high pressure, and is the most widely used type.

　　③The plate made from graphite plate bonding plate heat exchanger. In addition, there are immersion, spray type and sleeve type, etc. (see snake tube type heat exchanger, casing type heat exchanger).

　　Heat exchanger is a metal sheet with a corrugated shape by a series of stacked a new high-efficiency heat exchanger. A thin rectangular channel is formed between the various sheets, and the heat exchange is carried out by the half piece. Heat exchanger is an ideal heat exchange equipment for liquid - liquid, liquid - vapor. It has the characteristics of high heat transfer efficiency, small heat loss, compact and light structure, small occupation area, convenient installation and cleaning, wide application and long service life. Under the same pressure loss, the heat transfer coefficient is 3-5 times higher than that of the tubular heat exchanger, and the area of the heat transfer coefficient is 1/3, and the heat recovery rate can be as high as 90%.

　　By pure graphite or metal plate (tooth plate, plate, net) reinforced graphite plate cutting or stamping, has many excellent sealing performance, such as thermal stability, self lubrication, corrosion resistance, not aging, not fragile, the use of long-term stability in the harsh working conditions, rarely need maintenance. Lining material with different metal plates. Typeoptionalwithoutedge, inneredge, outsourcing side, inside and outside wrapping.

　　Graphite cut gasket is from pure graphite plate drilling or cutting and it has good corrosion resistance, high / low temperature, compression elasticity and high strength good, complex geometric gasket circular is widely used in all kinds of pipes, valves, pumps, pressure vessels, heat exchanger, and condenser generator, air compressor, exhaust pipe, refrigerator etc..

　　raw material

　　An expandable graphite (graphite) made of pure natural graphite after high temperature treatment and chemical treatment of 1000 DEG C and this material provides excellent heat resistance and chemical resistance, can make a good gasket with high elasticity and low ductility characteristics.

　　Two characteristics: 1, at extremely low temperature to 400 DEG C temperature range of sealing performance remained almost unchanged in 2, almost all of the excellent chemical resistance of all liquids (except strong oxidizing acid) 3, due to the cold deformation and ductility is very small, tight installation has no effect on the gasket.

　　security

　　Graphite gasket specifications:.

　　Graphite gasket used medium: hot water, steam, oil, acid, alkali, ammonia, hydrogen, organic solvents, hydrocarbons, low temperature liquids, etc..

　　Graphite gasket maximum pressure: 30MPa.

　　Graphite gasket temperature: -200 ~ 650

　　Reinforced graphite gaskets with flexible graphite tape or flexible graphite preparation of packing, molded into different sizes of the ring. Suitable for hot water, high temperature, high pressure steam, heat exchange liquid, nitrogen, organic solvents, hydrocarbons, low temperature liquids and other media. Used for compressor, pump, valve, chemical instrument, meter, etc..

　　Asbestos containing carcinogenic substances, has not been put to use, the developed countries have basically no use

　　With the continuous improvement of lubrication technology in various fields, graphite lubrication products are constantly improved. The types of graphite lubrication products are also developing rapidly. At present, the graphite lubricant is mainly divided into two types: liquid lubricant and solid lubricant.

　　Liquid lubrication includes:

　　Graphite lubricating oil: Based on the addition of graphite powder, graphite powder, graphite powder. The gas made from grinding, puffing, dehydration and constant temperature thermal treatment technology, the proportion of oil than graphite, infiltration of oil evenly, so that the graphite into lubrication, to reduce mechanical wear.

　　Dry lubricant: graphite powder and two key sulfides as the main ingredient, adding volatile solvent and the amount of curing agent proportion. Then the loaded pressure cylinder (barrel), the use of the first shaking cylinders to make liquid lubrication materials evenly distributed, and then sprayed to the parts to be lubricated, to be a few minutes after the liquid volatile, that is, the formation of solid lubrication film.

　　Graphite grease: there are high temperature resistant forging graphite milk, drawing graphite milk and other products, the production process mainly for vibration grinding and pickling, dehydration, grading, homogenization and other processes. The purity of graphite is more than 99%, the size of 8 is 0 feet.

　　Graphite grease: semi solid fluid flow, is mixed with a thickener, the main products are graphite matrix with adding calcium grease for.

　　Colloidal graphite: graphite particles with a particle size of 1 feet or 0.5 feet are dispersed in the water, oil or organic solvent, which is used for drawing die.

　　Details of the graphite electrode in the installation of the attention

　　1. 1

　　The electrode before connecting the first thread to clean the electrode. In the end of the connector is screwed into the electrode carefully, the hoisting joint is screwed into the electrode at the other end, no collision threads do not recommend electrode joints being used directly into the road.

　　2. 2

　　Absolutely not allowed to use the steel wire group or a wire brush, cleaning cloth thread electrode, not only use compressed air to remove oil and water.

　　3. 3

　　Absolutely not allowed to use the steel wire group or a wire brush, cleaning cloth thread electrode, not only use compressed air to remove oil and water

　　4. 4

　　Compressed air with no oil and water should be used to clear the holes before connecting the electrodes.

　　5. 5

　　With the elastic hook lifting lifting electrode to the stove, find the center, slow down, after the light is screwed into the hoop for tightening.

　　6. 6

　　The use of special caliper according to the specified torque available tightened, mechanical or hydraulic, pressure equipment to the specified tightening torque.

　　7. 7

　　Electrode holder must be two white lines within the contact surface and electrode holder shall be cleaned regularly, in order to maintain good contact with the electrode holder, the cooling water jacket is Water Leakage.

　　8.8

　　In order to avoid breaking the electrode, the furnace may not be loaded with insulating material. The working current of the electrode must be adapted to the electrode of the specification.

　　9.9

　　In order to avoid breaking the electrode, please put the bulk material in the lower part, and put the material in the upper part.

　　The static pressing graphite is formed by the high pure graphite. Static pressure graphite is a new product developed in recent 50 years in the world, which is closely related to the high technology. [1]

　　Static pressure graphite introduction

　　Do not only in the civil field, occupies an important position in the national defense, is a new material, remarkable. It is made of metal single crystal furnace, continuous casting graphite crystallizer, EDM with graphite electrode as the indispensable materials, is making a rocket nozzle, graphite reactor deceleration materials and reflecting materials excellent material.

　　Status quo of China

　　As the world's manufacturing photovoltaic products industry and the largest production country, Chinese has always maintained a huge amount of isostatic graphite demand. At present, with the rapid development of the domestic photovoltaic industry, China and other static pressure graphite demand is increasing year by year. Over the same period, due to the weak base of China and other static pressure graphite production enterprises, coupled with the technical blockade of foreign enterprises, China and other static pressure graphite production and quality have not been effectively improved. 2011, China and other static pressure graphite demand reached 18 thousand tons, while the same period and other static pressure graphite production is only 9500 tons, the supply gap of 8500 tons. At present, China's new set foot in the static pressure graphite business, such as the lack of technical reserves and product structure is not reasonable and other issues are difficult to be resolved in the short term. [2]

　　Static pressure graphite

　　Graphite material for direct tension type single crystal silicon furnace

　　Semiconductor single crystal furnace using graphite material manufacturing clamp pot, heater, heat insulation screen and accessories.

　　Graphite mould for continuous pressing graphite nonferrous metallurgy continuous casting

　　In order to shorten the production process, reduce the cost, improve quality, reduce labor intensity and environmental pollution, more than 20 years of metal materials production gradually to the direction of continuous development. [3]

　　So far, copper, aluminum basically achieved even production, with high purity graphite, steel continuous casting production has reached more than 80% (but the majority of the mold is not graphite).

　　Isostatic graphite is mainly used for large copper production line. Since 1985, China has introduced more than and 30 production lines from Austria, France, Switzerland, Japan and other countries, while the domestic design and manufacture of the production line has reached more than and 100, all using graphite.

　　According to statistics, in 2006 China's copper production reached about 3600000 tons, with most of the continuous casting. Per ton of copper graphite need quantity is 2.5kg, then to graphite content was 486T, according to the finished product rate of 70%, annual demand amount of 2700T graphite blank. At present, there is a rapid development, the forecast of the demand for graphite in the near future is about 4000T.

　　Graphite for the processing of static pressure graphite electrical discharge machining

　　Electric spark machining is a revolution in the die & mold industry. It not only simplifies the traditional technology, but also makes the manufacture of special shaped mould possible. Because of the isotropic, the static pressure graphite is the best material for the manufacture of electric spark graphite electrodes.

　　Graphite materials for the production of quartz crucible in the static pressure graphite single crystal silicon

　　The quartz crucible is a container of a direct pulling silicon crystal, and a graphite crucible is used as the forming material for the quartz crucible.

　　development direction

　　Isostatic graphite is a new type of graphite materials, graphite material is fine, because of a series of excellent properties, it will be closely linked with high technology, sophisticated national defense technology, has become one of the most valuable new materials in twenty-first Century. With the development of economy, the domestic and international market capacity of static pressure graphite is increasing day by day, and the development potential is huge. Because of this, the current domestic is a rise of hot isostatic graphite production, some production of moulded graphite based carbon production enterprises to settle on this "big cake", launched isostatic pressing equipment, squeeze isostatic graphite production ranks, competition will inevitably enter the white hot competition, including foreign counterparts. [1]

　　In the fierce market competition, the foundation and the way of the isostatic graphite production enterprises are: the upgrading of products, the specifications, fine structure (fine structure), high strength, high purity and function of the direction of development, the development of the industry trend of photovoltaic industry, machinery manufacturing, nuclear power, for the development of the national economy Chinese better service.

　　China is a developing country, is stepping into the period of heavy industrialization, China has become a world-class manufacturing factory". And the development of science and technology has brought a new industrial revolution, and other static pressure graphite materials and products of the broad application areas to the static pressure graphite industry has brought vitality. At present, due to the outbreak of the economic crisis, foreign carbon industry has been seriously affected, so they increased the China sales efforts. At present, China is about to consume the world's hydrostatic pressure graphite products, 1/4, is one of the world's largest and other static pressure graphite product market, and other static pressure graphite industry will usher in a new stage of development