Carbon carbon composite material(C/C) is highly valued by advanced technology research personnel,and till now,the carbon carbon composite material is still the main material of the strategic missile and solid rocket motor nozzle

　　The carbon carbon composite material is carbon fiber reinforced matrix,is make the carbon fiber as the reinforced material,and make the carbon as the matrix,and use the processing and carbonization process to meet all carbon composite material. The carbon content of the carbon carbon composite material can be above 99% after high thermal processing. And it has many good properties.

　　The density of carbon composite material is very low(<2.0 /cm3),it’s the 1/4 of Ni,1/2 of ceamic,it’s very important to some structure which has a light requirement. The high thermal performance of carbon carbon material is good,the strength of it can be stable under the 2200 centigrade,and even higher than this. This performance is good that other material can not meet.

　　The alation performance of carbon carbon composite material is the main property, and it’s the main reason of it to be used in the aerospace industry. If it’s in the situation of period of time ,the tempterature can meet 3000 centigrade.

　　The friction resistance of carbon carbon composite material is also good,the friction coefficient is low,and the property is stable,it’s the best material to be used for friction.

　　It also has some other property,such as high specific strength, specific stiffness and high specific modulus etc.

　　The development of the carbon carbon composite material experienced four stages,1, the basic research stage of carbon fiber and dense process,1961~1964,Japan and English produce the carbon fiber with PAN,reduce the cost of carbon fiber.2, C/C composite material has been a greatly developed during seventies,the multi direction knitting technology and high pressure liquid phase impregnation and CVI was published. And use these methods to make the high density C/C composite material. 3, the carbon carbon composite material was used in the space shuttle during eighties to be antioxidant. 4,and now, most researches are on how to reduce the cost and new technology.

The throat material now is made from carbon carbon composite material,and the main material is 4D C/C, the acupuncture and puncture knitting process is the main direction. The throat is one of the most important parts of the engine,and the throat material must meet the technology requirement of the missile engine.

　　The material of the missile throat used to made from polycrystalline graphite, re-crystallized graphite,pyrolytic graphite etc. now the carbon carbon composite material is used for this parts.

　　Carbon carbon composite material is made from carbon fiber and carbon matrix material,it’s more strengthful than graphite material, thermal shock resistance property is better than graphite material,and it can be designed. Now the carbon carbon composite material has become the most appropriate material of the throat. C/C preform material has 2D,3D 4D,5D,7D even 11D, polar weave etc.and the 4D is widely used for many military products,such as : tomahawk cruise missile, anti submarine missile, anti tank missile etc.

　　The structure of the perform is also important to the carbon carbon composite material performance, the acupuncture and puncture knitting process can meet the high strength in the axial,and can meet mass production. Mmulti dimensional braided perform is not easy to make ,it need manual molding, complex process,expensive cost.

　　acupuncture and puncture knitting process have more fiber content than the whole felt,and compared with the weave C/C material,the process is more simple. And it’s more convenient to densify with CVI and easy to mass production in this way,so the cost will decrease.

　　In the future, the 4D acupuncture and puncture will be used mostly for the missile throat. It can improve the fiber content, mechanical properties and reduce the cost and make the mass production come true.

　　The graphite parts dipped with Ag have many good performance,such as it can be used under the 900centigrade situation,corrosion resistance,mechanical strength and good wear resistance.The graphite dipped with Ag is hard to process,and it cost much.

　　The technology of the graphite-Ag need Hi-tech processing and precious metals. And it once used for military,and the exporting is also forbid.

　　The process technology of the graphite-Ag is not easy,it need complex impregnation system,and special graphite raw material.make the carbon/graphite material as the matrix,make it under the high temperature and make the melt Ag into the graphite porosity,and got the graphite–Ag material. The graphite dipped with Ag has a low density,low C.E.T.and high mechanical strength,and the friction is also low.

　　The graphite dipped with Ag ofter used as sealing material,and it need a low porosity,the best porosity is below 2%. And the graphite-Ag has a good heat shock resistance,under the cold and hot situation the material will not be broken. After the testing ,we could found something white on the surface of the graphite,it’s the AgO,that’s because the testing is in the air, if it’s in the vacuum condition,there will not be the AgO.

　　The graphite parts with Ag can be under the high pressure situation,and the compressive strength is higher than the flexible strength,so when we use the parts,it’s better to make it under the compress situation not vibration or friction situation. And reduce the vibration during the working situation.

　　Ag will easy to be oxidation in the air environment,so the graphite parts need to dry before using each time.

　　The graphite dipped with Ag can be used for military,such as torpedo accessories or rocket nozzle. Now it can also used for the civil use.

　　　　The electric heating body of the graphite rod is used in high temperature vacuum furnace, and the highest temperature can reach 3000.

　　Impregnated graphite rods can be used with Maximum use temperature

　　3000℃ with Resistance coefficient(8~13)×10-6 Ω•m and higher Thermal conductivity

　　Its thermal expansion coefficient is small, high thermal conductivity, resistance coefficient for (8-13) * 10-6 ohm - m, processing is SiC and MoSi2 good, resistant to high temperature, extreme heat and good resistance, the price is cheap.

　　Application domain:。

　　Carbon and graphite products is widely used machinery, electronics, semiconductor, silicon, metallurgy, petroleum, chemical, textile, electric motor, electrical appliance, electric furnace, transportation, communication, aviation, atomic energy, medicine, food, biological engineering and other fields, in order to give full play to the characteristics and potential, our company has been actively for users in various fields provide technical support and services.

　　Size:

　　many different types of carbon specifications: diameter of 2 * 300, diameter of 3 300, diameter 4*350, diameter 4.5*350, diameter 5*355, diameter 6*355, diameter 8*355, diameter 10*355, diameter 12*355, diameter 14*355, diameter 15*355, diameter 16*355 and other specifications of the lubricating rod. Company and the production of various types of specifications of high pure graphite rod, the specifications of 12*140 diameter, 20*200 diameter, diameter 25*200, diameter 30*200, diameter 35*200, diameter 40*200. Products are also based on customer requirements, the size of the processing and manufacturing.

　　　Graphite self sealing ring consists of low sulfur expandable graphite by moulding, precise size, density can be determined, and without any additional filler or adhesive. Graphite purity greater than 98%, do not need to carry out anti-corrosion treatment. Generally, the cross section of the packing ring is square, and it can also be wedge shaped or V shaped, and the two parts can be used for high pressure.

　　Graphite self sealing ring consists of low sulfur expandable graphite by moulding , precise size, density can be determined, and without any additional filler or adhesive. Graphite purity greater than 98%, do not need to carry out anti-corrosion treatment. Generally, the cross section of the packing ring is square, and it can also be wedge shaped or V shaped, and the two parts can be used for high pressure.

　　Enhanced graphite self sealing ring

　　Molded from pure flexible graphite, lined with metal, stainless steel foil, mesh, or other materials.

　　Application

　　With the characteristics of expanded graphite, can withstand severe alternating temperature and pressure, is the valve and all kinds of static sealing ideal filler. In addition to the stems are severely damaged avoid use. It can used alone, but also with JJ-771 high carbon fiber packing end ring used in combination, can prevent filler extruding.

　   Graphite heat exchanger is a heat transfer device made of graphite. The graphite in the manufacture of heat exchanger should be non transparent, and is often used in the non - permeable graphite and graphite.

　　Structure

　　The graphite heat exchanger can be divided into 3 types: block type, tube shell and plate type according to its structure. A piece of hole: a plurality of bulk graphite assemblies that are formed by a plurality of holes. Shell and tube type: tube shell type heat exchanger in graphite for heat exchanger occupies an important position, according to the structure is divided into two kinds of fixed and floating head. Plate: made of graphite bonding plate heat exchanger. In addition, there are immersion, spray type and sleeve type, etc. (see snake tube heat exchanger, sleeve type heat exchanger). Graphite heat exchanger has good corrosion resistance, heat transfer surface is not easy to fouling, heat transfer performance is good. However, the graphite is easy to crack, the bending and tensile strength is low, and it can only be used for the low pressure, even though the pressure is the best piece of porous structure, the working pressure is generally only 0.3 ~ 0.5 mpa. Graphite heat exchanger with high cost, large size, use is not much. It is mainly used in the heat transfer of corrosive media such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid and phosphoric acid, such as the condenser of acetic anhydride and acetic anhydride.

　　Graphite tubes are divided into synthetic resin impregnation, water glass impregnation, and pitch impregnation according to their different materials.

　　Characteristic

　　Graphite heat exchanger has good corrosion resistance, heat transfer surface is not easy to fouling, heat transfer performance is good. However, the graphite is easy to crack, the bending and tensile strength is low, and it can only be used for the low pressure, even though the pressure is the best piece of porous structure, the working pressure is generally only 0.3 ~ 0.5 mpa.

　　Graphite heat exchanger with high cost, large size, use is not much. It is mainly used in the heat transfer of corrosive media such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid and phosphoric acid, such as the condenser of acetic anhydride and acetic anhydride. Mainly used in the chlor alkali chemical industry, petroleum chemical industry, fluoride salt, titanium dioxide, zirconium, chloroacetic acid, chlorinated paraffin, monocrystalline silicon fluorine

　　Classification

　　1.A piece of hole: a plurality of bulk graphite elements are assembled in a plurality of holes.

　　2.tube shell type: tube shell type heat exchanger in graphite for heat exchanger occupies an important position, according to the structure is divided into two kinds of fixed and floating head.

　　Shell and tube heat exchanger (shell and tube heat exchanger) is also called tubular heat exchanger. Is to close the bundle in the shell wall as heat transfer surface heat exchanger. The structure of the heat exchanger is simple and reliable, and can be made of various structural materials (mainly metal materials), and can be used in high temperature and high pressure.

　　3.The panel: made of graphite plate bonded plate heat exchanger. In addition, there are immersion, spray type and sleeve type, etc. (see snake tube heat exchanger, sleeve type heat exchanger).

　　Heat exchanger is a metal sheet with a corrugated shape by a series of stacked a new high-efficiency heat exchanger. A thin rectangular channel is formed between the plate and plate, and the heat exchange is carried through the half piece. Heat exchanger is an ideal heat exchange equipment for liquid - liquid, liquid - vapor. It has the characteristics of high heat transfer efficiency, small heat loss, compact structure, small size, convenient installation and cleaning, wide application, long service life, etc.. Under the same pressure loss, the heat transfer coefficient is 3-5 times higher than that of tubular heat exchangers, and the area of the tube type heat exchanger is 1/3, and the heat recovery rate can be as high as 90%.

　　Brief introduction:

　　Graphite gold crucible, specialized in the jewelry casting industry, mainly for the fusion of gold, silver casting.

　　Material description:

　　High pure graphite is widely used in casting, metallurgy, mold and other industries, high precision CNC machining equipment, the production of horizontal continuous casting with high purity, high strength, high density graphite crystallizer; electronic industry graphite mould; metallurgical industry with graphite mold and other various shapes, various uses of graphite processing finished parts can be realized, the needs of machining precision and roughness of graphite.

　　All materials using isostatic isotropic, high strength, high-density high pure graphite.

　　Products include high pure graphite crucible, graphite slide mold, graphite casting mold and all kinds of graphite special-shaped mold products manufactured by the high purity graphite, superior performance.

　　Characteristic

　　1 Thermal Stability: the use of the graphite crucible in the rapid cooling of the hot and cold conditions, specially designed to ensure the reliability of product quality.

　　2 corrosion resistance: matrix design fine uniform, delaying the crucible erosion degree.

　　3 impact resistance: graphite crucible can withstand the heat shock intensity is extremely high, so any process can be assured of.

　　4 acid resistance: the addition of special materials to improve the quality of the crucible, the resistance of the outstanding performance, and greatly extend the service life of the graphite crucible.

　　5 high thermal conductivity: high content of fixed carbon to ensure good thermal conductivity, shorten the time of dissolution, and significantly reduce the energy consumption.

　　6 metal pollution control: the strict control of the material composition, to ensure that the dissolution of graphite crucible on the metal without pollution.

　　7 the quality stability: the production technology and quality assurance system of high pressure forming process guarantee the stability of the quality.

　　Crucible characteristic

　　The following characteristics of the graphite crucible:

　　1 Thermal Stability: the use of the graphite crucible in the rapid cooling of the hot and cold conditions, specially designed to ensure the reliability of product quality.

　　2 corrosion resistance: matrix design fine uniform, delaying the crucible erosion degree.

　　3 impact resistance: graphite crucible can withstand the heat shock intensity is extremely high, so any process can be assured of.

　　4 acid resistance: the addition of special materials to improve the quality of the crucible, the resistance of the outstanding performance, and greatly extend the service life of the graphite crucible.

　　5 high thermal conductivity: high content of fixed carbon to ensure good thermal conductivity, shorten the melting time, and significantly reduce the energy consumption.

　　6 metal pollution control: the strict control of the material composition, to ensure that the dissolution of graphite crucible on the metal without pollution.

　　7 the quality stability: the production technology and quality assurance system of high pressure forming process guarantee the stability of the quality

       Graphite crucible which includes (1), and other static pressure molding silicon carbide - graphite crucible, (two) plastic forming, plastic forming, (three) the plastic forming of molten copper, (four) lead cast special clay graphite crucible.

　　(1) and other static pressure forming silicon carbide - graphite crucible series

　　It can also be divided into high temperature copper and copper alloy, special crucible for melting zinc and special crucible for melting. This series of crucible by isostatic pressure shaping, high density, high intensity. The material of the high purity natural flake graphite, high purity silicon carbide is used as main material and add advanced antioxidant and anti - corrosion agent, using resin as binder, the product has quick heat conduction, using ordered taller efficiency energy-saving features, has been widely used by many high-end melting, casting used by customers. Under the same condition, the average operating life is about four times of the ordinary clay crucible, and the same as the conventional crucible, which saves energy by 1/3. Energy saving crucible.

　　(2) plastic forming molten aluminium crucible

　　The series products are made of advanced formula, special equipment for forming equipment. The domestic leading level of melting aluminum crucible with plastic molding. Product thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance characteristics. For about three months to melt aluminum. And cost is high, the current has been used by the molten aluminum customers.

　　(3) a special crucible for plastic forming

　　This series of products is a common clay graphite crucible. Our company has accumulated decades of experience in the production, and after a series of transformation and upgrading, so that the series of products, stable performance, antioxidant, thermal shock resistance and corrosion resistance are better than similar products in the same industry. Simply referred to as the common crucible.

　　(4) lead cast special clay graphite crucible.

　　Lead cast products, is our company's patented product. This product is used for copper, copper processing, has one's own knack in. Life in the domestic lead, can be as long as three to five months. And the performance of the non domestic other manufacturers can be stable.

       Graphene battery in saturated copper chloride solution, the time (hours, days) and generating a voltage.

　　The experimental circuit is made of LED, which is connected to the graphene by wire. They just put graphene on copper chloride (copper chloride) solution, were observed. LED light is on. In fact, they need 6 graphene circuits to form in series, so that the required 2V can be generated, so that the LED lamp is bright, you can get this picture.

　　The flow of electrons in graphene is faster than that of the solution, so the electronic nature will choose a path through the circuit. It is this point that lights up the LED lamp "free electrons are more likely to go through the surface of graphene, rather than into the electrolyte. The device is such a voltage,

　　Therefore, the energy generated by the device comes from the heat of the surrounding environment. They can improve the current, only need to heat the solution, but also can be used to accelerate the ultrasonic wave of copper ions. Depend only on the heat, they can continue to run their graphene batteries for 20 days. But there is still a big question mark. Another hypothesis is that a chemical reaction produces a current that is like an ordinary battery.

　　Application

　　With the development of mass production and large size and other difficult problems, the industrialization of graphene is accelerating. Based on the existing research results, the first commercial application of the field may be mobile devices, aerospace, new energy battery.

　　Consumer electronics show can bend the screen is much attention, as the future development trend of mobile devices display. Flexible display in the future market is broad, as the basis of the material of graphene is also optimistic about the prospects. Data show that in 2013 the global demand for mobile phone touch screen is about 965000000. By 2015, the tablet PC on the large size of the touch screen will also meet the needs of 230000000, the application of graphene provides a broad market. South Korea's Samsung researchers also have been manufactured by multilayer graphene material consisting of transparent flexible display, I believe that large-scale commercial just around the corner.

　　On the other hand, the new energy battery is also a major area of graphene the first commercial. Before the United States of Massachusetts Institute of Technology has successfully developed a surface with graphene nano layer of flexible photovoltaic panels, can greatly reduce the cost of producing a transparent solar cell, which is likely to be in the night vision goggles, cameras and other small digital devices. In addition, the successful development of graphene super battery, but also to solve the problem of the new energy vehicle battery capacity and charging time, which greatly accelerated the development of new energy battery industry. Results in this series for the application of graphene in the battery industry paved the way for new energy.

　　Due to the high conductivity, high strength, ultra thin and so on, the application of graphene in the field of aerospace industry is also very prominent. Recently, the United States NASA developed a graphene sensor used in the field of aerospace, can very good for the earth's trace elements of the earth's atmosphere, the structural defects of the spacecraft, etc.. And graphene in the ultra light aircraft materials and other potential applications will play a more important role.

　The growth of silicon crystal need the graphite crucible,graphite parts etc.graphite material,and the isostatic graphite material is one of the most important material in the world now. The isostatic graphite material is made in a high pressure container,and use the liquid media with an un-pressed property and the uniform delivery pressure property. As it will press the material from all the directions,so the pressure will be the same from all the directions.

　　The isostatic graphite material from Japan meet the world advanced level,no matter the quality,items,specification etc, the most representative company is TOYO Carbon. And the U.S is the first country to do the business and research on the isostatic graphite material. Another one is SGL from Germany,and except for the isostatic graphite material ,SGL also do well in the extruded graphite material,molded graphite material,the products are widely used in the photovoltaic industry.

　　The characteristic of the isostatic graphite material is : the properties is same from different directions,and the structure of the material is compact,the strength of the surface is strong,the resistance to shock is well,and the property of thermal resistance is better than other materials.

　　As the graphite parts have many good performance such as thermal resistance,pressure resistance,corrosion resistance and good electrical conductivity,stable property etc. So it’s widely used for the polysilicon production. But the selection criteria of graphite is very strictly,the graphite material need to purify to reduce the metal particle and other impurities. Currently,the way to purify is accessing the chlorine gas.

　　The technology to purify the graphite material is taking advantage of the high stable of the carbon,through the high temperature, vacuum and oxidizing gas to purify the graphite material.

　　the pressure should be the 5% of the atmospheric pressure,and the temperature should be above 2000centigrade,during this processing,it should be access the oxidizing gas such as the chlorine gas.